Expat services in Costa Rica

Verified lawyers, accountants, real estate, healthcare and relocation services for expats in Costa Rica — plus a free, sourced guide to buying property here.

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Buying property in Costa Rica as a foreigner

A free, sourced guide to the process, written for a first-time foreign buyer. Every figure is dated and linked to where it came from.

Who can own property in Costa Rica, and where the exception is

Costa Rica has some of the most straightforward foreign ownership rules in the Americas. A foreigner has the same property rights as a Costa Rican citizen: you can hold titled land outright in your own name, with no residency requirement, no trust structure, and no local partner. For the great majority of properties, that is the whole story.

The exception is the coast, and it catches people out badly because it applies to exactly the beachfront land many buyers come for. Costa Rica's Maritime Terrestrial Zone (Zona Marítimo Terrestre, or ZMT) covers the first 200 metres inland from the high-tide line along virtually the entire coast, and it is divided in two:

So a concession is a fundamentally different and weaker thing than titled land, and it is sometimes marketed to foreign buyers in language that blurs the two. Titled beach-area property does exist — typically on bluffs, hillsides and back-beach lots that fall legally outside the 200-metre zone — and can be owned outright by a foreigner with no residency requirement at all. Establishing which of the two you are being offered is the first question to answer about any coastal property in Costa Rica, before price is even discussed.

The professionals you actually need

An attorney, who is also the notary

Costa Rica merges two roles that Spain and Mexico keep separate: attorneys here are also notaries, and a notario público executes and registers the transfer. That efficiency comes with a caution. If the same professional is acting for both sides of the transaction, or was introduced by the seller's agent, you do not have independent representation. Retain your own.

Their substantive work is verifying title in the Registro Nacional — Costa Rica's national registry is public, searchable and unusually good, which makes proper due diligence very achievable. They should confirm the registered owner, the plot boundaries against the plano catastrado (cadastral survey plan), any liens, mortgages or annotations, whether the property is titled or concession, and any water availability or environmental restriction.

Escrow, and a surveyor

Using a registered escrow agent to hold funds is standard practice and strongly advisable. A surveyor confirming the physical boundaries match the registered plan is worth the cost, particularly on rural and larger plots where discrepancies are common.

The real cost stack

General guidance, not legal or tax advice — sources and dates below.

Costa Rica is comparatively cheap to transact in. Budget around 5%–6% of the purchase price in total for a standard residential purchase, as at 2026.

CostTypical 2026 figureNotes
Property transfer tax1.5%Charged on the higher of the declared price or the registered fiscal value.
Government taxes and stampsapprox. 2%–2.5% totalThe 1.5% transfer tax plus registry charges and mandatory stamps.
Legal fees1%–1.25%Due diligence, title review, escrow coordination and registration.
Notary and registry0.5%–1%The attorney acts as notary; this covers execution and recording.
Annual property tax0.25%Of assessed value or registered purchase price. Due 15 January each year.
Luxury home tax (impuesto solidario)0.25%–0.55%, progressiveApplies where the construction value exceeds roughly 145 million colones (around US$279,000 as at 2026). The threshold is recalculated each January against construction-cost indices, and the declaration is also due 15 January.

The 15 January deadline catches new owners in their first year with some regularity. Both the annual property tax and, if applicable, the luxury home declaration fall due then.

Residency routes

Buying property does not itself grant residency, though the investor route below is property-friendly. The established categories are:

Temporary residency is generally granted for two years and renewed on a two-year cycle, with a path to permanent residency after three years and to citizenship after seven years of legal residence.

Three mistakes that cost newcomers real money

Buying a concession while believing you bought landInside the 150-metre restricted zone you are acquiring a time-limited municipal concession, capped at 49% foreign ownership and requiring five years' prior legal residency. It is not freehold title and should not be priced as though it were.
Letting one attorney act for both sidesBecause attorneys are also notaries here, it is easy to end up with the seller's professional handling "the paperwork" and to mistake that for having representation. Appoint your own.
Missing 15 January in your first year of ownershipAnnual property tax and the luxury home declaration both fall due then, and the luxury threshold moves every January. Surcharges and penalties follow a missed filing.

Figures, dates and sources

Every number on this page is listed below with where it came from and when we checked it. Last reviewed: 8 August 2026. Where a figure is set annually we have said so — treat anything undated elsewhere on the internet with suspicion.

These are secondary sources. For anything that will cost you money, confirm against the official authority named in each section, or ask a qualified local professional.

General guidance only. This page explains how the process usually works so you can ask better questions. It is not legal, tax or immigration advice, and it is not a recommendation of any firm or person. Rules and rates change, often annually — every figure above is dated and sourced, and you should confirm the current position with the official authority or a qualified professional before you commit money.

Corrections and removals

If something here is wrong or out of date, please tell us and we will fix it. If you or your business are referred to anywhere on this site and you want that changed or removed, email us and we will action it — no questions asked.

shane@warrenbg.com